The issues that communities and agencies face when considering whether to adopt an alternative model of police service vary by type of consolidation, level of structural change, local preferences and circumstances, and a wide-array of other variables. Drawing from the literature, a focus group of practitioners, and case studies of four communities that consolidated services in different ways, this research examines the transition process, challenges, and successes of implementing alternative service delivery models. It concludes with a set of themes that policymakers, practitioners, and communities must consider when contemplating such structural changes.